Terry-loom



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. T. HOLT.

TERRY LOOM. No. 441,303 Patented Nov. 25,1890.

Fig.1.

I INVENTOR:

WITNESSES W1, I m\fmm rg 3 Sheets-Sheet 2. T. HOLT.

TERRY LOOM.

(No Model.)

Patented Nov. 25, 1890.

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INVENTOR: fimw 714:0; By his Azzorneys. wm3-mm @w WITNESSES-z 3Sheets-Sheet 3. T. HOLT. TERRY LOOM.

' (No Model.)

Patented Nov. 25, 1890.

I-NVE NTOR: di cm: By lzfs Attorneys,

WITNESSES NITE STATES THOMAS HOLT, OF MIDLAND PARK, NEXV JERSEY.

TERRY-LOOM.

SPEG IFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 441,303, datedNovember 25, 1890. Application filed October 6, 1887. Serial No.251,616. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, THOMAS HOLT, a citizen of the United States,residing at Midland Park, Bergen county, New Jersey, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Terry-Looms, of which thefollowing is a specification.

This invention relates to looms for weaving terry fabrics, such asTurkish toweling and the like.

The object of the invention is twofold: first, to enable the loom toweave a pile of varying thickness, whereby ribs or ridges or otherpatterns may be formed on the surface of the fabric by reason of .thevarying length of the loops forming the pile, and, second, to improvethe construction of the existing terry motion, wherein the pile isformed by the pressing back of the reed through the medium of pivotedcatches or dogs, which during the forward movement of the lay encounterfixed projections, and which at intervals are displaced in such manneras to clear the projections, in order to cause the pile to be beaten up.The latter feature of my invention is an improvement on the mechanismdisclosed in the patent of Holt and Mellor, No. 327,685, dated October6, 1885, of which I am the assignee.

Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings is a plan of part of a terry-loomconstructed according to my invention, those portions of the loom whichare not necessary to an understanding of the terry motion being omitted.Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section thereof. Fig. 3 is a similarView to Fig. 2, showing the parts in a different posit-ion. Fig. 4 is avertical longitudinal section showing the breast-beam and itsattachments in rear elevation. Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragmentarytransverse section of the lay, reed, and breast-beam. 0 is an enlargedfragmentary front elevation of the cam-motion for determining thevariations in the height of the pile, the right-handportion of thefigure being a plan of one of the bumpers and the corresponding pivotedcatch. Figs. 7 and S are diagrams lllustrating the weave. Figs. 9 and 10show a modified mechanism, Fig. 9 being a plan and Fig. 10 a verticaltransverse section.

The frame A, breast-beam l3, lay C, layswords D, rocking shaft E,crank-shaft F, and

picking-shaft G are or may be all of the usual construction.Thelayisreciprocated through the medium of pitmen a a by cranks b b onthe shaft F, as usual. The shaft F caries a gear c, which meshes with agear 01 of twice its diameter, that is fixed on the picking-shaft G,whereby this shaft is driven at one-half the speed of the shaft F. Onthe shaft G is a pinion e, which meshes with a gear f one-andone-halftimes its diameter, which is fixed on the cam-shaft H, whereby thisshaft is caused to revolve once for each three revolutions of the shaftF. 011 the shaft H is fixed a cam I, which acts against a lever J, whichis fulcruined to one of the cross-girts A A.

The reed K is constructed, as usual, with top and bottom ribs, the upperrib being housed in a groove in the reed top or bar 0, which is fixedrigidly to the lay, and the lower rib being confined in a groove in themovable reed-bar K, which is carried at the back of the lay and ispressed forward thereagainst by reed-springs L L, fastened to across-bar L, carried by the sword D, all as usual.

To the reed-bar K are pivoted two (more or less) vertically-swingingcatches,arms, or dogs M M, which extend forward through openings in thelay and project at the front of the lay sufficiently far to encounterwhen the lay is thrown forward corresponding stationary stops orprojections N N, which I call bumpers. These bumpers act to press backthe projections or catches M and the reed-bar K by holding themstationary while the lay is completing its forward or beating-up move--beaten up against the finished edge of the cloth, but will be left.standing out at a short distance therefrom, corresponding to the extentto which the reed is pressed back. This pressing back of the reed by thestriking of the catches M M against the bumpers occurs during twosuccessive picks; but at the third pick the catches are thrown up, asshown in Fig. 3, so that they clear the bumpers and are not pressed backthereby. The catches are formed each with a hook or shoulder m on itsupper side, so that when thus thrown up these hooks catch against thefront surface of the lay, as seen in Fig. 3, and thereby fasten thereed-bar K immovably to the lay, so that the reed cannot be driven backby the resistance of the wefts during the operation of beating up thosewefts which were previously left standing apart from the finished web.The throwing up of the catches M M at each third pick is effected by theaction of the cam I on the lever J, motion being communicated from thislever to the catches by mechanism which will be described presently.

So far as already described this loom does not dilfer materially fromthat shown in my said patent, No. 327,685. In weaving terry fabric by aloom of this construction and having the proportions described two weftsare thrown which are not beaten fully up to the web of fabric, and uponthe throwing of the third weft it and the two preceding wefts are beatenhome. This last action is due to the throwing up of the catches M M bythe cam I at every third pick.

It is well understood that in weaving terry fabric the warp is of twokinds, a ground Warp, the threads of which are under considerabletension, and a pile warp, the tension of which is very slight. Upon thebeating home of the wefts after the third pick, the pile warp, which iscrossed between the wefts, is carried along with them, its tension beinginsufficient to pull it through against the friction occasioned by thebinding of the wefts against it, and it is consequently formed intoloops, there being thus a row of loops to each three wefts. The tensionon the ground Warp, which is preferably not so thoroughly interlockedwith the wefts by being so often crossed, is sufficient to hold it frombeing carried forward with the wefts as they are beaten up.

It will be understood that instead of beating home the wefts at everythird pick this maybe done at every second,fourth, fifth, or any numberof picks, or at varying intervals, as may be desired, it being onlynecessary to this end that the proportions of the gears c and d or e andf be so altered as to accord with the intervals desired.

I will now proceed to describe the nove features of my presentinvention.

The improved mechanism by which the lifting motion is communicated fromthe cam I to the catches M M is constructed as follows: The lever J isfulcrumed at or near its middle, its rear arm coming beneath the cam I,and its front arm extending forward and downward to a point preferablydirectly over the rocking shaft E, where the movement of the lay-swordis least. It is here jointed to a connecting-rod g, which extendsupward, and the upper end of which is jointed to an arm h, which isfixed to a horizontal shaft '5, having bearings borne by the lay orlaysword. To this shaft are fixed two arms 2" 2", which project forwardand terminate beneath the respective catches M M. To their front endsare jointed lifting rods or pins j j, which project upwardly with theirupper ends in contact with the under sides of the catches.

Their upper ends are guided by sliding freely through perforations inplates j, fastened to the front side of the lay. As the cam I acts uponthe lever J, the front end of the latter rises, pushing up the rod 9,rocking the shaft 1', and raising the pinsjj, which push up the catchesM M. that shown in my said patent in that it is subj ect to lessfriction and wear.

The other feature of my present invention relates to means forautomatically varying the thickness or depth of the pile laid up by theterry motion, in order that the successive rows of loops may stand atdiderent heights in order to produce a ribbed effect on the surface ofthe fabric. It will be understood that the depth of the pile dependsupon the extent to which the reed is pressed back by the action of thebumpers upon the catches. In my said previous patent the bumpers aremade This mechanism is superior to in the form of screws, which may bescrewed in or out to adjust their projection from the face of thebreast-beam, and thereby to alter at will the depth of the pile.

To accomplish the purpose of my present invention, it is necessary thatthe extent of projection of the bumpers shall be altered automaticallyand instantaneously during the operation of the loom, instead of beingvaried by adjustment. This action may be accomplished by any mechanismwhich will automatically vary the extent of projection of the bumpers,or substitute for one bumper another one of greater or less projectionduring the operation of the loom and between the successive picks in anyorder that may be requisite to produce any desired effect upon the depthof the pile. It is preferable to cf.- fect the change in the extent ofprojection of the bumper during the pick or picks at which the catches MM are lifted out of engagement with the bumpers, since at this time thebumpers are not acting.

If it is desired, for example, that every alternate row of pile-loopsshall be higher than the others, the bumpers will be constructed tostand at a low projection during the picks between one driving-up pickand the next and then to shift to a higher projection and stand at thatduring the picks occurring before the next ensuing driving-up pick isreached. This is the simplest operation in weaving a terry fabric with'a pile of varying depth. For apile graded in loops of three or moredifferent heights the operation will be more complicated.

Perhaps the best example for illustrating the practical application ofmy invention is the case of a pile graded in loops of three differentheights, which succeed each other in ascending and descending order. Itis for weaving a pile fabric of this character that the mechanismillustrated in Figs. 1 to 6 is designed. I will now proceed to describethis apparatus. The bumpers N N are formed in steps of three differentprojections, as best shown in Fig. 1, all being arranged in the ICC samehorizontal plane and side by side, so that to bring a higher or lowerstep into the path of the catch it is necessary to move the bumper inlateral direction a distance equal to the width of the step. To elfectthis movement the two bumpers. are mounted ona horizontally-sliding bar0, which has beveled edges confined in dovetailed grooves inbearing-blocks O, fastened to the rear side of the breast-beam B. Thebar 0 is drawn in one direction (leftwardly in Fig. 1) by a spring is,and is pressed in the other direction by a cam P, which takes againstthe left-hand end of the bar. This cam is best shown in Fig. 6. Itsperimeter has its working-face formed of arcs of four different radii,corresponding to the-position of the three different steps on thebumpers and the space beyond the lowest step. Each section of theWorking-face ofv the cam is of a length equal to two eighteenths of arevolution, and between each two working faces is an inclined orshifting face which 0ccupies approximately one-eighteenth of arevolution. The cam is rotated one-eighteenth of a revolution at eachpick, and its position relatively to the cam I and the other mechanismis such that during the dwell of the sliding bar 0, while each sectionof the workingface of the cam is bearing against it, two picks are made,at which the catches M M encounter the bumpers, and upon the next orthird pick and while the catches are thrown up so as to free them fromthe bumpers the inclined or shifting face of the cam P is acting uponthe bar 0 and shifts it the distance from one bumper-step to the next,so that the next time the lay comes forward the catches will encounterdifierent steps on the bumpers.

Referring to Fig. 6, the respective bumpersteps are lettered 01, 01 andm and the corresponding working-faces of the cam P are lettered p, 19and 19 The cam P has also a fourth working-face lettered p, the effectof which is to move the bumpers so far to the left that they areentirely out of the paths of the catches M M, so that for three picksevery weft is beaten home as soon as it is thrown, thereby weaving thefabric during this inter- .val without any pile.

The operation may be best understood by a comparison of Fig. 6 with thediagrams, Figs.

'7 and 8. These diagrams are longitudinal sections, the weft-threadsbeing shown intransverse section and the pile warp being shown in sideview. The ground warp is not shown, being well understood. It may be ofany customary weave. Every third weft is designated by a blackcross-section to distinguish the driving-up picks. Eighteen successivewefts are shown, being those thrown during one complete revolution ofthe cam P. Wefts Nos. 1, 2, and 3 are thrown while the working-face p ofthe cam is against the bar O,as shown in Fig. 6 in full lines, so thatthebumpers do not act upon the catches. Each weft is thus beaten home assoon as it is thrown,

the tension 'of the reed-springs L being suffi cient to accomplish thisduring the first and second picks while the catches are out of actionDuring the third pick the'shiftingface of the cam acts upon the bar 0and moves it far enough toward the right to bring the first step n ofeach bumper into the path of the corresponding catch, so that during thefourth and fifth picks (while the working-face 'p of the cam ispresented to the bar 0) the catches encounter this step of the bumpersand the reed is pressed back a distance'equal to the height of the step,so that wefts Nos. 4 and 5 are left standing apart from the finishedportion of the fabric, as shown in Fig. 7. At the sixth pick the catchesare thrown up, and wefts Nos. 4, 5, and 6 are beaten home, therebyraising the pile warp covering wefts Nos. 3 and 4 to form loops, asshown in Fig. 8, where these loops are lettered :0. During this sixthpick the cam P has moved the bar 0 still farther to the right, therebybringing the second steps n? of the bumpers into the paths of thecatches, where they remain during the two following picks, while theworking-face p is presented against the end of the bar. Wefts Nos. 7 and8 are consequently left standing farther out from the finished portionof the web than was the case with Nos. 4 and 5, Fig. '7, in'proportionto the greater projection of step if, as com pared with step n. wefts 7,8, and 9 are beaten home, thus forming loops 3 in Fig. 8, and the cam Pmoves bar 0 still farther to the right, bringing the Upon the ninthpick.

highest steps a of the bumpers into the path of the catches, where theywill remain during the two ensuing picks, while the working-face p ispresented to the bar 0. The catches on encountering this highest step ofthe bumpers are pressed back farther than before, so that the reed inbeating up wefts Nos. 10 and 11 leaves them at a still greater distancefrom their predecessors than before, as shown in Fig. 7, so that on thebeating up after weft No. 12 is thrown the pile warp is formed intostill higher loopsz, Fig. 8. During this beating-up pick the returnmovement of thebar O by the cam has begun, bringing step 11 again intothe path of the catches, whereupon wefts 13 and 14 are thrown, andaft-er 15 is thrown the beating-up movement forms the loops y in Fig. 8.During this fifteenth pick another drop in the cam occurs, bringing stepn again into the path of the catches, whereupon wefts Nos. 16 and 17 arethrown, on the beating up of which, after the throwing of 18, the loops1; in Fig. 8 are formed. During this eighteenth pick the final drop inthe cam occurs, bringing its working-face 19 again against thebar O,which has now resumed the position of ing taken place. The fabric thusformed has vloops of varying height, each loop inclosing or bridging twowefts, and each row of loops being separated from the next row by onestarting, an entire revolution of the cam havweft, and each series offive rows being sepa rated from the next by four wefts woven withoutpile.

It will be understood that the fabric may be varied in a great varietyof ways by merely effecting a corresponding variation in the gearing andproportions of the mechanism. The height of the respective loops willdepend upon the amount of projection of the relative steps with whichthe bumpers are formed, and is best altered by removing the bumpers andreplacing them with others of different proportions.

The cam P may be rotated either continuously or intermittently by anymechanism whatever that is adapted to the purpose. With the proportionsshown it must, as stated, make one-eighteenth of a revolution to eachpick. I prefer to rotate it intermittently, and I have shown onemechanism which is well adapted to accomplish this, and which I will nowdescribe; but I wish it well understood that in its generic features myinvention is by no means limited to this or any similar mechanicalmovement for accomplishing this purpose. The cam P is fastened to aratchet-wheel Q, having eighteen teeth, as shown in Fig. 6, and whichturns on a stud q, fixed to the rear side of the breast-beam. Thisratchet-wheel is engaged by a pawl R, which consists of a rod, the upperend of which is bent horizontally and enters the notches in theratchet-wheel, while its lower end extends down along the front frame ofthe loom and is jointed to the horizontal arm of an elbow-lever S,pivoted to the front frame, and the vertical arm of which extendsupwardly and is jointed to a connecting-rod 7, whose opposite end ispivoted to the lay or lay-sword, its connection therewith being made bymeans of a hingeplate 3. As the lay moves forward to beat up the weft,its motion is communicated through the rod 1' to the lever S, which ittilts, thereby raising the rod R, the upper end of which passes up overone tooth of the ratchet-wheel Q, and on the rearward movement of thelay the rod R descends, its upper end pulling down the tooth of theratchet-wheel with which it has thus engaged, and thereby turning theratchet-wheel the distance from one tooth to the next. A springl servesto press the rod R toward the ratchet-wheel, in order to insure itsengagement therewith. By this throw of the pawl R. This is done by con'necting the rod?" to the lay-sword at a point nearer to or farther fromthe shaft E, in order to impart a lesser or greater movement to thelever B. To this end the hinged plate sis made removable, so that it maybe set at any height on the lay-sword. The connecting-rod r is made intwo pieces sliding upon one another and fastened by screws r at anypoint, so that it may be extended or shortened to adapt it to anyposition to which the plate 5' may be set.

Figs. 9 and 10 illustrate a modification, wherein the bumpers are movedforward and back instead of sidewise, and are actuated by acontinuously-rotating instead of by an intermittent mechanism. Thebumpers are made in the form of screws, as in my said previous patent,passing through the breastbeam and engaging internal threads in socketsset therein. The height of the pile loops de pends upon the extent towhich the screws are screwed backward, and this is continually variedduring the operation of the loom.

Each bumper N consists of a screw T, screwing into a socket T, fastenedto the rear of the breast-beam, and having fixed to it a pinion t, whichmeshes with a sliding rack U, which is arranged to slide in lateraldirection parallel with and in front of the breast-beam, being guided inways formed in brackets a, which serve also to support the front ends orjournals of the screws. As this rack U is reciprocated, the pinions tand screws T are thereby rotated back and forth, and the screws arecaused to travel longitudinally, so that their ends project to greateror less distances from time to time to the rear of the breast-beam andin the path of the catches M M. The rack U is reciprocated by a crank Vthrough the medium of a pit man 1). The crank V is fixed on a shaft V,carrying a bevel-gear WV, with which meshes a bevel-pinion W, which isfixed on a shaft 10, having a bearing in the frame of the loom, andcarrying fixed on its outer end a sprocket-wheel X, which is geared bychain X to another sprocket-wheel Y, which is fixed on the shaft G, oron any other suitable shaft of the loom. Through the medium of thisgearing the crank V is driven at a suitably-reduced speedsay, forexample, at the rate of one revolution to eighteen picks.

The operation is evident. WVhen the crank V is at one end of its throwand passing its dead-center, the screws T are screwed out so that theirbumper ends have the minimum of project-ion, as shown in full lines inFig. 9; and when the crank is at the opposite end of its throw thescrews are screwed fully back and their bumper ends have the maximum ofprojection, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 9.

In the intermediate positions of the crankthe.

bumpers are projected to an intermediate extent. The full-line positionin Fig. 9 corresponds to the full-line position in Fig. 6, the catchesbeing at this time not acted upon by the bumpers.

The modification here described is illustrated merely as an example ofthe numerous modifications in the construction of the driving mechanismor gearing of which myinvention is capable, and which may be readilydevised by any skilled mechanic familiar with the principle introducedby my invention.

My invention may be applied to the weaving of figured terry fabrics, andto those having the pile on only one side, the other side or back beingwoven without a pile. These and other variations in the fabric will bemade according to the skill and taste of the weaver, and by the methodsalready well known in the art.

It will be understood that myin vention for automatically varying thedepth of the pile may be applied in connection with almost any kind ofterry-motion, and is not confined in its application to the particulartype of terrymotion covered by my said patent. It is very readilyapplicable to all terry-motions in which the reed is so mounted that itcan be pressed back and is provided with some kind of projectionsanalogous to and equivalents of the projecting catches M M, hereindescribed. It will also be understood that in casemy said patentedterry-motion is used the catches M M may be hung to be thrown in anydirection to disconnect them from the bumpers for the beating-up picks,and that they are not essentially limited to a vertical movement.

In defining my improvements in the claims which terminate thisspecification I use the expression loom-driving mechanism to indicatesuch driving-shafts and their accessories as are employed to impart therequisite movements to the essential parts of the loom. I use the termterry-motion to indicate the parts by which the reed is displaced atcertain picks to form the pile and is at certain other picks freed toenable it to beat home the wefts and throw up the loops, and I employthe name gearing to denote any combination of coacting mechanicalelements by which motion is communicated from one moving part to anotherand converted from one character of movement to another, as in what aregenerically known as mechanical movements.

I claim as my invention the following-defined improvements interry-looms, substantially as hereinbefore specified, namely:

1. The combination, with the loom-driving mechanism, lay,- and reed, andthe terry-motion consisting'of pivoted projections on the reed designedto encounter bumpers for displacing the reed to form the pile andmechanism for moving said projections at intervals out of engagementwith said bumpers, of the said bumpers mounted on the frame 7 andconstructed to be movable relatively to the said projections in suchmanner as to project to a greater or less degree into the paths thereof,and thereby to vary the degree of displacement of the reed, and gearinginterposed between the driving mechanism of the loom and said bumpersand adapted to automatically shift the latter from time to time duringthe weaving from a greater toa lesser projection, whereby the terryfabric is woven with a pile of varying depth.

2. The combination, With the loom-driving mechanism, lay, and reed, andthe terry-motion consisting of projecting catches pivoted to the reedand formed with hooks adapted when the catches are displacedto engagethe lay and fasten the reed thereto and mechanismfor so displacing saidcatches at intervals, of bumpers mounted on the frame of the loom inposition to be encountered by and to displace said catches when thelatter are in their normal position, and constructed to be movablerelatively to said catches in such manner as to project to a greater orless degree into the paths thereof, and thereby to vary the degree ofdisplacement of the reed, andgearing interposed between the drivingmechanism of the loom and said bumpers and adapted to automaticallyshift the latter from time to time during the weaving from a greater to.a lesser projection, whereby the terry fabric is woven with a pile ofvarying depth.

3. The combination, withtheloom-driving mechanism, lay, and reed, andthe terry-motion consisting of pivoted projections on the reed designedto encounter bumpers for displacing the reed to form the pile andmechanism for moving said projections at intervals out of engagementwith said bumpers. of the said bumpers mounted on the frame andconstructed to be movable into and out of the path of said projectionsand gearing interposed between the driving mechanism of the loom andsaid bumpers and adapted to .so move the later automatically during theweavin g, whereby the terry fabric is woven with an intermittent pile,the portions thereof having no pile being woven during the time that thebumpers are moved out of the paths of said projections.

4. The combination, with the loom-driving mechanism, lay, and reed, andthe reed mount ed movably on the lay, provided with springs tending tohold it in place therein and having projections designed to encounterbumpers on the frame for displacing the reed to form the pile, of thesaid bumpers constructed with steps of different degrees of projectionand mounted to slide onthe frame in such direction as to move across thepath traversed by said projections on the reed and bring eitherstepthereof into the path of said projections in order thereby to vary thedegree of displacement of the reed, and gearing interposed between thedriving mechanism of the loom and said bumpers and. adapted to so movethe latter automatically from time to,

time during the weaving, whereby the terry fabric is woven with a pileof varying depth,

.and mechanism for moving the projections and bumpers relatively out ofengagement tions on the reed to bring either step thereof intoengagement with said projections and to move out of the path of saidprojections, so that the reed shall not be displaced, and gearinginterposed between the driving mechanism of the loom and said bumpersand adapted to so move the latter automatically during the weaving,whereby the terry fabric is woven with an intermittent pile, theportions thereof having no pile being woven during the time that thebumpers are moved out of the paths of said projections, and the piledportions thereof being woven with a pile of varying depth, and mechanismfor moving the projections and bumpers relatively out of engagement atintervals in order to cause the pile to be beaten up.

6. The combination, with the loom-driving mechanism, lay, and reed, thelatter having projections connected to the reed and designed toencounter bumpers on the frame of the loom for displacing the reed toform the pile, of the said bumpers constructed with steps of differentdegrees of projection and mounted on the frame in such manner as to bemovable laterally across the path traversed by said projections on thereed in order to bring either step thereof into the path of saidprojections, and thereby to vary the degree of displacement of the reed,a cam connected to said bumpers and constructed to move the latter fromtime to time the distance from one step to the next, and gearinginterposed between the driving mechanism of the loom and said cam,whereby the latter is driven.

7. The combination, with the loom-driving mechanism, lay, and reed, ofprojections connected to the reed and designed to encounter bumpers onthe frame of the loom for displacing the reed to form the pile, the saidbumpers, aslide mounted on the breast-beam and to which said bumpers areattached, whereby by the sliding of said slide the bumpers are movedacross the paths traversed by said reed projections, and gearinginterposed between the driving mechanism of the loom and said slide andadapted to impart a reciprocating movement to the latter.

8. The combination, with the loom-driving mechanism, lay, and reed, ofprojections connected to the reed and designed to encounter bumpers onthe frame of the loom for displacing the reed to form the pile, the saidbumpers constructed with steps of different degrees of projection andmounted on the frame in such manner as to be movable laterally acrossthe path traversed by said projections on the reed, in order to bringeither step thereof into the path of said projections, and thereby tovary the degree of displacement of the reed, a cam connected to saidbumpers and constructed to move the latter from time to time thedistance from one step to the next, a ratchet-wheel connected to saidcam, and the pawl of said ratchet connected to and reciprocated by somemoving part of the loom, whereby said cam is rotated intermittently.

9. The combination, with the loom-driving mechanism, lay, and reed, thelatter hav ng projections M M, of the bumpers N N, sliding bar 0, onwhich the bumpers are mounted, pile-cam P for moving said sliding bar tocarry the bumpers across the paths of said projections, and gearinginterposed between the driving mechanism of the loom and said cam forrotating the latter.

10. The combination, with the loom-driving mechanism, lay, and reed, thelatter having projections M M, of the bumpers N N, sliding bar 0, onwhich the bumpers are mounted, pile-cam P for moving-said sliding bar tocarry the bumpers across the paths of said projections, ratchet-wheel Q,pawl R thereof, and connecting mechanism between the lay and said pawlfor reciprocating the latter coincidently with the vibration of the lay11. The combination, with the loom-driving mechanism, lay, and reed, thelatter having projections M M, of the bumpers N N, mounted on the frameof the loom and constructed to be movable in such manner as to projectto greater or less degree into the paths of said projections M M, a camP, connected to and adapted to so move said bumpers, a ratchet and pawlfor drivingsaid cam, and connecting-gearing between said pawl and thelay, having an adjustable connection with the lay, whereby the play ofthe pawl may be varied by connecting said gearing nearer to or fartherfrom the center of vibration of the lay.

12. The combination, with the loom-driving mechanism, lay, and reed, ofthe terry-motion consisting of pivoted projections on the reed, bumpersto be encountered thereby for displacing the reed to form the pile, andmeclr anism for moving said projections at intervals out of engagementwith said bumpers during one or more beating-up picks, the said bumpersmounted on the frame of the loom and constructed to be movablerelatively to said projections in such manner as to project to a greateror less degree into the paths thereof, and thereby to vary the degree ofdisplacement of the reed, and gearing for moving said bumpers connectedto and driven by the driving mechanism of the loom, and constructed toeffect the movement of the bumpers from one degree of projection toanother during the beating-up picks only, whereby the bumpers are movedwhile the reed projections are disconnected from them, and in the fabricthe transition from one depth of pile to another is ettected betweensuccessive rows of loops.

13. The combination, with the loom-drivin g mechanism, lay, and reed,and the terry-motion consisting of pivoted projections on the reeddesigned to encounter bumpers for displacing the reed to form the pileand mechanism for moving said projections at intervals out of engagementwith said bumpers during one or more beatingup picks, of the saidbumpers mounted on the frame of the loom and constructed to be movablerelatively to said projections in such manner as to project to a greateror less degree into the paths thereof, and thereby to vary the degree ofdisplacement of the reed, and gearing for moving said bumpers,consisting of a reciprocating part connected to the bumpers in suchmanner that when moved in one direction it projects them to a greaterand when moved in the contrary direction it projects them in a lesserdegree into the paths of said reed projections, and connections with thedriving mechanism of the loom for reciprocating said part, whereby thefabric is woven with a pile of alternately increasing and diminishingdepth.

14. The combination, with the loom-driving mechanism, lay, and reed, andbumpers on the breast-beam, of the terry-motion consisting of vvertically-swinging catches M M, pivoted to the reed, cam I, fordetermining the lifting of said catches at intervals, and mechanism forcommunicating the motion from the cam to the catches, consisting ofalever acted on by the cam and terminating in an arm extending closelyadjacent to the pivotal axis of the lay, and a rod connecting to saidlever-arm and carried by the lay, so that it vibrates with the lay Whilemoving up and down with the lever, and a connection between the upperpart of said rod and the catches, whereby its up-and-down movement istransmitted to them.

15. The combination, with the loom'driving mechanism, lay, and reed, andbumpers on the breast-beam, of the terry-motion consisting ofvertically-swinging catches M M, pivoted to the reed, cam I, fordetermining the lifting of said catches at intervals, and mechanism forcommunicating the motion from said cam to the catches, consisting oflever J, rod g, shaft 1', having arms h and i, and lifting-pins j j,taking under the catches.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

THOMAS HOLT.

Witnesses:

ARTHUR O. FRASER, GEORGE I-I. FRASER.

